This question usually arrives after two contractors gave opposite answers, one quoting a repair, one insisting on a rebuild, and the homeowner suspects at least one of them is selling. Fair suspicion. Here’s the decision logic, so you can referee.
The core test: component vs structure
Repair territory: the failed part is a component sitting on sound masonry. Cracked crown, failed flashing, eroded joints ready for repointing, damaged liner, spalling limited to scattered faces. Fix the component, structure carries on.
Rebuild territory: the structure itself is compromised, mortar failed through the joint depth across large areas, bricks loose or moving, widespread spalling past the faces into the brick bodies, or a lean/separation from footing movement. New components bolted onto failing masonry buy months, not years, that’s rebuild work, full or partial.
The honest gray zone
Both roads, one standard
Whichever side of the line you land on: fixed written scope, matched materials, and the workmanship guarantee. Get the assessment, and if two other companies already gave you opposite answers, tell us, we enjoy being the tiebreaker with a camera.
